A DICTIONARY OF CARNIVOROUS PLANT NAMES -their etymological derivations and meanings- rev. 1.2 Peter Cole - July 1996 with the invaluable assistance of Dr. J. Schlauer -copy freely unaltered for non-commercial purposes- This file is ordered by family/genus/species Sarraceniaciae named after the Canadian physician Dr. M. S. Sarrazin Darlingtonia named after the American botanist Dr. W. Darlington californica denotes origin of the plant - California Heliamphora Gr. 'helos' - marsh + Gr. 'amphora' - pitcher marsh pitcher, not sun pitcher! heterodoxa Gr. 'heteros' - other + Gr. 'doxa' - opinion glabra La. 'glaber' - hairless the pitcher walls(or whole plant in non-pitcher plants,) are hairless exappendiculata La. 'ex' - out of, from + La. 'appendiculum' - small addition the pitchers lack hoods glabella La. 'glaber' - smooth smooth-pitchered ionasii named after the American collector Jonah Boyan minor La. - less a small plant laevis La. 'laevus' - left nutans La. - nodding refers to the appearance of the flowers tatei named after the American botanist J. H. H. Tate macdonaldae named after the American collector Mrs. McDonald neblinae fr. La. 'nebula' - cloud, mist denotes origin of the plant - Cerro de la Neblina (Mountain of the Mists,) Venezuela parva La. - small small form Sarracenia named after the Canadian physician Dr. M. S. Sarrazin alata La. 'ala' - wing winged - refers to the broad keel flava La - yellow the Yellow Trumpet Pitcher leucophylla Gr. 'leukos' - white + Gr. 'phyllon' - leaf white-leaved oreophila Gr. 'oros' - mountain + Gr. 'philos' - friend plant "loves" montane habitats psittacina Gr. 'psittakos' - parrot refers to the 'parrot-beaked' pitchers purpurea La. 'purpureus' - purple a purple plant heterophylla Gr. 'heteros' - other + Gr. 'phyllon' - leaf different leaves (in Winter and Summer) venosa La. 'vena' - vein plant with purple venation burkii named after the American horticulturist L. Burk rubra La. - red refers to the hue of the plant and its flowers alabamensis denotes origin of the plant - Alabama gulfensis > denotes origin of the plant - the Gulf (of Mexico) jonesii named after the American botanist Dr. F. M. Jones wherryi named after the American botanist Dr. E. T. Wherry Byblidaceae named after the Greek nymph Byblis Byblis named after the Greek nymph Byblis gigantea La. 'giganteus' - giant giant form liniflora La. 'linum' - flax + La. 'flos' - flower flax-flowered occidentalis fr. La. 'occidens' - sunset, west growing in the west of the region Cephalotaceae Gr. 'kephale' - head refers to the anthers which are head-shaped Cephalotus Gr. 'kephale' - head refers to the anthers which are head-shaped follicularis La. 'folliculus' - small bag refers to the shape of the pitchers Roridulaceae La. - 'roridus' - dewy the plant has a dewy appearance Roridula La. 'roridus' - dewy the plant has a dewy appearance dentata La. 'dentatus' - toothed the leaves are toothed gorgonias fr. La. 'Gorgo' - Gorgon, a mythical monster the leaves look like Medusa's snakes Droseraceae Gr. 'drosos' - dew dewy plant Aldrovanda named after the Italian botanist U. Aldrovandi vesiculosa La. 'vesicula' - dimin. of 'vesica' - bladder, bubble refers to the hollow floats that keep the plant buoyant Dionaea named after the Greek goddess Dione, mother of, or sometimes a synonym for, Aphrodite (La. Venus) muscipula La. 'muscipula' - mousetrap refers to it's manner of action (nice pun on 'musca' - fly, too) Drosera Gr. 'drosos' - dew dewy plant acaulis La. 'a-' - without + La. 'caulis' - stem, cabbage sessile leaves without petioles adelae named after Adele (female first name) affinis La. 'affinis' - bordering, related refers to its habit of growing ...? alba La. - white plant with white flowers aliciae named after Alice (female first name) andersoniana named after Anderson androsacea plants recalling those of the genus _Androsace_ (Primulaceae) anglica denotes origin of the plant - England arcturi La. 'Arcturi' - Arthur named after Mount Arthur, Tasmania where it was discovered arenicola La. 'arena' - sand + '-colus' - inhabiting habitually grows in sandy conditions banksii named after the British botanist J. Banks (who accompanied Cpt. Cook) barbigera La. 'barbiger' - bearded a hairy plant bequaertii named after the Belgian collector Bequaert binata fr. La. 'binus' - twofold the leaves are divided in two brevifolia La. 'brevis' - short + La. 'folium' - leaf short-leaved browniana named after the Australian collector A. Brown bulbigena La. 'bulbus' - bulb + La. 'genus' - bearing plant bearing bulbs (rather corms) bulbosa La. 'bulbus' - bulb the corm is bulbous like an onion major La. 'maior' - older, greater a large form of the species burkeana named after the S. African collector Burke burmannii named after the Dutch botanist Burman caledonica denotes origin of the plant - New Caledonia callistos Gr. 'kalos' - the best, most beautiful + superl. plant rather beautiful capensis denotes origin of the plant - Cape area, S. Africa capillaris La. 'capillus' - hair hairy brasiliensis denotes origin of the plant - Brazil cayennensis denotes origin of the plant - Cayenne, French Guiana cendeensis denotes origin of the plant - Paramo de Cende, Andes of Venezuela chrysolepis Gr. 'khrysos' - gold + 'lepis' - scale golden stipules cistiflora mod L. 'Cistus' fr. Gr. 'kistos' - rock rose + La. 'flos' - flower the cistus-flowered sundew citrina La. 'citrus' - lemon tree a yellow-flowered plant closterostigma Gr. 'klosteros' - spindle + Gr. 'stigma' - stigma spindle-shaped stigma collinsiae named after the S African collector Mrs. Collins colombiana denotes origin of the plant - Colombia communis La. - common a common sundew compacta fr La. 'compingere' - compact a compact plant cuneifolia La. 'cuneus' - wedge + La. 'folium' - leaf wedge-shaped leaves dichrosepala Gr. 'dikhros' - twofold + ML. 'sepalum' - sepal two-coloured sepals dielsiana named after the German botanist L. Diels - the monographer of Droseraceae dilatatopetiolaris La. 'dilatare' - spread out + La. 'petiolus' - little foot, stalk wide-petioled echinoblasta Gr. 'ekhinos' - hedgehog + Gr. 'blastos' - bud the stipule is bristled like a hedgehog elongata LL. 'elongare' - lengthen tapering leaves eneabba denotes origin of the plant - Eneabba, West Australia ericksoniae named after the Australian botanist Mrs. R. Erickson erythrogyne Gr. 'erythros' - red + Gr. 'gyne' - woman female flower parts red erythrorhiza Gr. 'erythros' - red + Gr. 'rhiza' - root red root collina La. 'collis' - hill plant from colline habitats magna La. 'magnus' - large, great a large plant squamosa La. 'squamosus' - scaly a scaly plant esmeraldae denotes origin of the plant - La Esmeralda, Venezuela falconeri named after the Australian collector D. Falconer felix La. 'felix' - auspicious, lucky the discovery of this plant caused delight filiformis La. 'filum' - thread + form thread-like leaves tracyi named after the American Tracy fimbriata La. 'fimbriatus' - fringe fringed with hairs gigantea La. 'gigant-' - giant a large plant geniculata La. 'geniculatus' - jointed glabripes La. 'glaber' - smooth, hairless + La. 'pes' - foot plant with a hairless base glanduligera La. 'glandium' - gland + 'gerus' - bearing bearing glands graminifolia La. 'gramen' - grass + La. 'folium' - leaf grass-like leaves graniticola La. 'granum' - grain=>granite + La. 'colus' - inhabiting denotes the habit of growing on granite grievei named after the Australian botanist B. J. Grieve hamiltonii named after the Australian Hamilton helodes Gr. 'helos' - marsh plant growing in +/- humid conditions heterophylla Gr. 'heteros' - other + Gr. 'phyllon' - leaf different leaves hilaris La. fr. Gr. 'hilaros' - cheerful huegelii named after the Austrian collector Huegel humbertii named after the French collector Humbert hyperostigma Gr. 'hyperon' - club + Gr. 'stigma' - stigma club-shaped stigma indica denotes origin of the plant - India insolita La. 'in-' - not + La. 'solitarius' fr. La. 'solus' - alone growing insulated (in Africa) from its closest allies (from Asia and Australia) intermedia La. 'inter' - among + La. 'medius' - middle medium-sized and shaped kaieteurensis denotes origin of the plant - the Kaieteur Falls in Guyana katangensis refers to origin of the plant - Katanga, Zaire lanata La. 'lanatus' - woolly the plant is covered in tomentum lasiantha Gr. 'lasios' - woolly + Gr. 'anthos' - flower hairy-flowered leioblasta Gr. 'leios' - smooth + Gr. 'blastos' - bud stipule buds smooth leucoblasta Gr. 'leuko' - white + Gr. 'blastos' - bud the stipule of this species is markedly white linearis La. 'linea' - straight fr. La. 'linum' - flax straight-(vertical)-leaved lowriei named after the Australian botanist A. Lowrie macrantha Gr. 'makro-' fr. Gr. 'makros' - long, large + GR. 'anthos' - flower large flowers eremaea named after the Australian desert macrophylla Gr. 'makro-' fr. Gr. 'makros' - long, large + Gr. 'phyllon' - leaf large-leaved madagascariensis denotes origin of the plant - Madagascar mannii named after the Australian collector P. Mann marchantii named after the Australian botanist Dr. N. Marchant prophylla shoot base bears numerous prophylls with reduced lamina menziesii named after the British collector Menzies basifolia La. 'basis' - pedestal, base + La. 'folium' - leaf growing up from a basal rosette penicillaris La. 'penicillus' - painter's brush, pencil growing straightly, in the form of a rod thysanosepala Gr. 'thysanos' - tassel + ML. 'sepalum' - sepal sepals hairy meristocaulis Gr. 'meristos' - divided + Gr. 'kaulos' - shoot plant with branched shoots microphylla Gr. 'mikro-' fr. Gr. 'mikros' - small + Gr. 'phyllon' - leaf small-leaved microscapa Gr. 'mikro-' fr. Gr. 'mikros' - small + La. 'scapus' - beam short-scaped miniata La. 'miniatulus' - painted red coloured red modesta La. 'modestus' - keeping due measure modest, unassuming montana La. 'montanus' - montane growing in a mountainous habitat hirtella La. 'hirtus' - shaggy schwackei named after the German collector Schwacke tomentosa La. 'tomentum' - stuffing, padding a tomentose plant myriantha Gr. 'myrioi' - a million + Gr. 'anthos' - flower many-flowered natalensis denotes origin of the plant - Natal area, S. Africa neesii named after the German botanist Nees von Esenbeck borealis La. 'Boreas' - North wind, north grows in the northern part of the area neo-caledonica denotes origin of the plant - New Caledonia nitidula La. 'nitidus' - bright, shining the shining sundew allantostigma Gr. 'allantos' - sausage + Gr. 'stigma' - stigma sausage-shaped stigmas leucostigma Gr. 'leuko' - white + La. 'stigma' the stigmas of this species are white omissa La. 'omitto' - to disregard, overlook the neglected sundew oblanceolata La. 'ob-' against + La. 'lanceola' fr. La. 'lancea' - lance leaves lanceolate with broad ends outermost australis La. - southern growing in southern regions orbiculata La. 'orbiculatus' - round a species with round leaves ordensis plant occurs in the basin of the Ord river, N.T., Australia oreopodion Gr. 'oros' - mountain + Gr. 'pous' - foot from the base of the Darling Range paleacea La. 'palea' - scale trichocaulis Gr. 'thrix' - hair + Gr. 'kaulos' - shoot plant with hairy shoots pallida La. 'pallidus' fr. La. 'pallere' - to be pale a pale plant panamensis denotes origin of the plant - Panama, C. America parvula La. 'parva' - small a small species pauciflora La. 'paucus' - few + La. 'flos' - flower producing few flowers peltata fr Gr. 'pelte' - shield peltate leaves auriculata La. 'auricula' - ear leaves in the form of small ears petiolaris this (and similar,) species displays abnormally long petioles for the size of lamina pilosa La. 'pilosus' - hairy a hairy plant platypoda Gr. 'platys' - flat + Gr. 'pous' - foot platystigma Gr. 'platys' - flat + Gr. 'stigma' - stigma flattened stigma prolifera La. 'proles' - offspring + La. 'ferus' - bearing plant producing copious offspring by stolons prostratoscaposa La. 'prostratus' fr. La. 'prosterno' - to throw down, prostrate + La. 'scapus' - shaft with prostrate scapes pulchella La. 'pulcher' - beautiful a beautiful plant pusilla La. 'pusillus' - very little a very small plant pycnoblasta Gr. 'pyknos' - tight + Gr. 'blastos' - bud plant with exceptionally tight stipule-cluster pygmaea La. 'pygmaeus' - pygmy an exceedingly small (pygmy,) plant radicans La. 'radix' - root ramellosa La. 'ramus' - branch + dimin. plant with short branches ramentacea La. 'ramentum' - splinter, fragment rechingeri named after the Austrian botanist K.-H. Rechinger regia La. 'regalis' fr. La. 'rex' - king the regal sundew roraimae denotes origin of the plant - Mt. Roraima, Venezuela rosulata La. 'rosula' - rosette plant grows in the form of a rosette rotundifolia La. 'rotundus' - round fr. La. 'rotare' - to rotate the round-leaved sundew salina La. 'salis' - salt growing in salty soils sargentii named after the Australian botanist O. H. Sargent schizandra Gr. 'skhizos' - split + Gr. 'andros' - male anther thecae separated (split) by a broad connective scorpioides La. 'scorpio' - a scorpion twisted, like a scorpion sessilifolia La. 'sedere' - to sit + La. 'folium' - leaf sessile leaves sewelliae named after the Australian collector Mrs. Sewell slackii named after the British horticulturist A. Slack spatulata La. 'spathula' - spoon spathulate leaves spilos Gr. 'spilos' - blot petals marked with a darker spot stenopetala Gr. 'stenos' - weak + Gr. 'petalon' - petal petals reflexed (and not convolute like in most species) after anthesis stolonifera La. 'stolo' - stolon + La. 'ferus' - bearing plant stoloniferous compacta fr La. 'compingere' - compact a compact plant humilis La. - low-lying, shallow growing low on the ground monticola La. - highlander growing in highland habitats porrecta La. 'porrectus' fr. La. 'porrigo' - to stretch, spread out the plant spreads out from its central growth point prostrata La. 'prostratus' fr. La. 'prosterno' - to throw down, spread out a spreading, prostrate habit rupicola fr. La. 'rupes' - cliff, rock growing on cliffs and rock surfaces stricticaulis La. 'strictus' - close, tight + La. 'caulis' - stem the leaves cling closely to the stem subhirtella La. 'sub-' - -ish + La. 'hirtus' - bristly a hairy plant moorei named after the Australian collector S. Moore subtilis La. - slender, fine a slender plant trinervia La. 'tri' - three + La. 'nervus' - nerve three prominemt leaf veins tubaestylis La. 'tuba' - trumpet + 'style' the styles are trumpet-shaped uniflora La. 'uni' - one + La. 'flos' - flower producing a single flower villosa La. - hairy the whole plant is hairy walyunga denotes origin of the plant - Walyunga, Australia whittakeri named after the Australian collector Whittaker zonaria La. 'zonarius' - belted the leaves are divided into distinct zones Drosophyllum Gr. 'drosos' - dew + Gr. 'phyllon' - leaf dewy-leaved lusitanicum denotes origin of the plant - W. Spain and Portugal Nepenthaceae Gr. - banisher of sorrow the name of a plant used by the Ancient greeks to banish sorrow and induce a restful sleep Nepenthes Gr. - banisher of sorrow the name of a plant used by the Ancient greeks to banish sorrow and induce a restful sleep adnata La. 'adnatus' - grown on leaves shortly decurrent alata La. 'ala' - keel, wing winged Nepenthes albomarginata La. 'albus' - white + La. 'margo' - margin prominent pale stripe around the mouth of the pitcher ampullaria fr. La. 'ampulla' - flask flask-shaped pitchers anamensis denotes origin of the plant - Annam, Vietnam bellii named after the American botanist C. R. Bell bicalcarata La. 'bi' - two + 'calcar' - spur twin-spurred pitchers bongso named after the guardian Puti-Bongso of Gunung Merapi, Sumatra borneensis denotes origin of the plant - Borneo boschiana named after His Exc. Lieut.-Gen., Min. of state, Graf van den Bosch burbidgeae named after the wife of the British collector F.W. Burbidge burkei named after the British collector David Burke campanulata La. 'campanulatus' - bell-shaped the pitchers are shaped like bells carunculata La. 'caruncula' - piece of flesh clipeata La. 'clipeus' - round, bronze shield deaniana named after the Philippine collector Dean C. Worcester decurrens La. 'decurro' - to run down decurrent, leaves running down the stem densiflora La. 'denso' - to thicken + 'flos' - flower thick or crowded flowers distillatoria La. 'destillatio' - catarrh Linnaeus thought that the pitcher distilled water for the plant dubia La. 'dubius' - uncertain, doubtful edwardsiana named after the Honourable G. Edwardes, Governor of Labuan macrophylla Gr. 'makro' fr. Gr. 'makros' - large + Gr. 'phyllon' - leaf large-leaved ephippiata La. 'ephippium' - saddle saddle-shaped leaf bases eymae named after the Indonesian collector P. Eyma faizaliana named after the son of the describing author M. Kh. Faizal fallax La. - deceitful, deceptive fusca La. 'fuscus' - dark brown predominantly dark brown pitchers glabrata La. 'glaber' - hairless, smooth smooth pitchers gracilis La. 'gracilis' + superlat. slender and graceful pitchers gracillima La. 'gracilis' + dimin. small, slender pitchers gymnamphora Gr. 'gymnos' - naked + 'amphora' - pitcher smooth, jug-shaped pitchers hamata La. 'hamatus' - furnished with hooks climbs by means of hooked tendrils hirsuta La. - hairy hairy plant inermis La. - unarmed, defenceless peristome without spines infundibuliformis La. 'infundo' - to pour on or in + form funnel-shaped pitchers insignis La. - distinguished, conspicuous a prominent and arresting plant khasiana denotes origin of the plant - Khasi Hills, Assam, India klossii named after the Indonesian/Dutch collector Kloss longifolia La. 'longe' - far off, long + La. 'folium' - leaf long-leaved lowii named after the British collector H. Low macfarlanei named after the British/American botanist Dr. J. M. Macfarlane, monographer of _Nepenthes_ macrovulgaris La. 'macro' - large + La. 'vulgaris' - common a large and common plant? madagascariensis denotes origin of the plant - Madagascar mapuluensis denotes origin of the plant - Mt. Ilas Mapulu, E Kalimantan masoalensis denotes origin of the plant - Cape Masoala, Madagascar maxima La. - largest a large species merrilliana named after the Philippine botanist D. E. Merrill mikei named after the New-Zealandic collector M. Hopkins mirabilis La. - wonderful, extraordinary a wonderful plant mollis La. - supple, tender, gentle plant covered by soft hair muluensis denotes origin of the plant - G.Mulu, Borneo neoguineensis denotes origin of the plant - New Guinea northiana named after the British collector Mrs. M. North ovata La. 'ovum' - egg ovate pitchers paniculata La. 'panicula' - tuft, panicle inflorescence paniculate papuana denotes origin of the plant - New Guinea (*not* known from Papua!) pervillei named after the French collector Perville petiolata La. 'petiolus' - petiole philippinensis denotes origin of the plant - the Phillipines pilosa La. 'pilus' - a hair hairy plant rafflesiana named after Sir Stamford Raffles, founder of Singapore rajah Urd. - emperor the emperor of Nepenthes reinwardtiana named after the Dutch botanist Reinwardt rhombicaulis La. 'rhombus' - magician's circle, rhombus + La. 'caulis' - stalk, cabbage the petiole has a rhombic cross-section sanguinea La. - blood the plant and especially its pitchers are bright red singalana (incorrectly) denotes origin of the plant - G. Singalang, Sumatra spathulata La. - spoon spathulate spectabilis La. - visible, noteworthy a noteworthy plant stenophylla Gr. 'stenos' weak + Gr. 'phyllon' - leaf leaf bases slender talangensis denotes origin of the plant - G.Talang, Sumatra tentaculata producing tentacles tenuis La. - thin, fine the pitchers are slender thorelii named after the French collector Dr. Thorel tobaica denotes origin of the plant - Lake Toba, North Sumatra tomoriana denotes orgin of the plant - Gulf of Tomori, Celebes treubiana named after the German botanist Treub truncata La. 'truncatus' - truncate leaf base truncate-emarginate veitchii named after the British horticulturist J. Veitch ventricosa La. 'venter' - belly pot-bellied pitchers vieillardii named after the French botanist E. Vieillard villosa La. - hairy the whole plant is hairy xiphioides Gr. 'xiphos' - sword plant with sword-shaped leaf bases Dioncophyllaceae Gr. 'di' - two + Gr. 'onkos' - hook + Gr. 'phyllon' - leaf leaf terminated by two hooks Dioncophyllum Gr. 'di' - two + Gr. 'onkos' - hook + Gr. 'phyllon' - leaf leaf terminated by two hooks Triphyophyllum Gr. 'tri' - three + Gr. 'phyein' - to create + Gr. 'phyllon' - leaf the plant produces three distinctly different types of leaf peltatum La. - shield producing peltate leaves Lentibulariaceae La. 'lens' - lens + dimin. Utricularia has lens-shaped bladders Genlisea named after a friend of the describing author, Mrs. S. de Genlis africana denotes origin of the plant - Africa angolensis denotes origin of the plant - Angola aurea La. - golden flowers yellow filiformis La. 'filum' - thread + form thread-like leaves glabra La. 'glaber' - smooth, hairless the plant is smooth and hairless glandulosissima La. 'glandula' - gland + superlat. plant very glandular guianensis denotes origin of the plant - Guyana hispidula La. 'hispidus' - hairy, rough a hairy plant subglabra La. 'sub-' - -ish + La. 'glaber' - smooth, hairless the ovary is nearly hairless lobata La. 'lobus' - lobe lower corolla lip deeply lobed margaretae named after Margarete (female first name) pallida La. 'pallidus' - pale the flower is generally pale violet pygmaea La. 'pygmaeus' - pygmy a very small species repens La. - 'repens' creeping a creeping species roraimensis denotes origin of the plant - Mt. Roraima, Venezuela sanariapoana denotes origin of the plant - Sanariapo Savannah, Venezuela stapfii named after the British botanist O. Stapf subglabra La. 'sub-' - -ish + La. 'glaber' - smooth, hairless the ovary is nearly hairless uncinata La. 'uncinatus' - hooked the spur is hooked violacea La. 'viola' - violet the flower is violet Pinguicula La. 'pinguis' - fat, grease + dimin. the leaves have a greasy feel to them acuminata La. 'acumen' - point, sting the leaves are sharply pointed agnata La. 'agnatus' - closely related named for the complicated taxonomic history of the plant albida La. 'albidus' - white white algida La. 'algidus' - cold grows in a cold climate - Siberia alpina La. - high mountainous growing in high mountainous habitat antarctica growing in southerly climes of S America balcanica denotes origin of the plant - Balkan area, Europe pontica denotes origin of the plant - Pontic region, Turkey tenuilaciniata La. 'tenuis' - thin, fine + La. 'lacinia' - flap, corner barbata La. 'barbatus' - bearded the corolla palate has a shaggy and bearded appearance benedicta La. 'benedico' - to speak well of, praise the blessed Pinguicula bohemica denotes origin of the plant - Bohemia (Czechia) caerulea La. 'caeruleus' - dark blue refers to the blue colouration of the corolla calyptrata Gr. 'kalyptra' - cover corolla tube closed by palate casabitoana denotes origin of the plant - Alto de Casabito, Dominican Republic chilensis denotes origin of the plant - Chile, S. America colimensis denotes origin of the plant - Colima, Mexico corsica denotes origin of the plant - Corsica crassifolia La. 'crassus' - thick, dense + La. 'folium' - leaf dense foliage crenatiloba La. 'crenatus' - crenate + La. 'lobus' - lobe corolla lobes crenate crystallina La. 'crystallinus' - of crystal droplets on leaf glands glistening in the sun like a crystal hirtiflora La. - hairy, shaggy + La. 'flos' - flower the flowers appear hairy cyclosecta Gr. 'kyklos' - circle + La. 'sectus' - cut corolla lobes suborbicular debbertiana named after the German botanist P. Debbert ehlersiae named after the Austrian horticulturlturist Mrs. Ehlers elongata La. - elongated elongated leaves emarginata La. 'margo' - edge, border corolla lobes emarginate esseriana named after the German botanist Prof. K. Esser filifolia La. 'filum' - thread + La. 'folia' - leaves thread-like leaves gracilis La. - slender slender and graceful plant grandiflora La. 'grandis' - large + La. 'flos' - flower large flowers rosea La. 'roseus' - rosy, of roses pink-flowered greenwoodii named after the British collector Greenwood gypsicola indicates its habit of growing on gypsum-bearing rock hemiepiphytica La. 'hemi-' - semi + epiphytic tending to an epiphytic habit heterophylla Gr. 'heteros' - other + Gr. 'phyllon' - leaf different leaves (in Winter and Summer rosettes) hintoniorum named after the American collectors Hinton (family) imitatrix La. 'imitator' - imitator immaculata La. 'immaculata (virgo)' - Virgin Mary white corolla (but marked with obvious darker blotch!) involuta 'involutus' fr. La. 'involvo' - wrapped leaves strongly curling upwards ionantha Gr. 'ion' - violet + Gr. 'anthos' - flower flowers like violets jackii named after the American collector Jack jaumavensis denotes origin of the plant - Jaumave, Mexico jorgehintonii (incorrectly) named after the American collector George Hinton kondoi named after the Japanese botanist Prof. K. Kondo laueana named after the Mexican collector A. Lau leptoceras Gr. 'leptos' - thin + Gr. 'keras' - horn thin (short) corolla spur lignicola La. 'lignum' - wood denotes its habit of growing on wood lilacina La. 'lilacinus' - lilac lilac flowers longifolia La. 'longe' - far off, long + La. 'folium' - leaf long-leaved caussensis denotes origin of the plant - Causses, France dertosensis denotes origin of the plant - Tortosa, Spain reichenbachiana named after the Austrian botanist Reichenbach lusitanica La. 'Lusitania' - part of what is now W. Spain and Portugal denotes origin of the plant - W. Spain and Portugal lutea La. 'luteus' - yellow, orange refers to the yellow flowers macroceras Gr. 'makro-' fr. Gr. 'makros' - large + Gr. 'keras' - horn corolla spur large macrophylla Gr. 'makro-' fr. Gr. 'makros' - large + Gr. 'phyllon' - leaf large-leaved moctezumae denotes origin of the plant - Rio Moctezuma, Mexico moranensis denotes origin of the plant - Moran, Mexico nevadensis denotes origin of the plant - Spanish Sierra Nevada oblongiloba La. 'oblongus' - oblong + La. 'lobus' - lobe oblong corolla lobes parvifolia La. 'parvus' - small + La. 'folium' - leaf having small leaves planifolia La. 'planus' - level, flat + La. 'folium' - leaf having flat leaves potosiensis denotes origin of the plant - San Luis Potosi, Mexico primuliflora La. 'primula' - primrose + La. 'flos' - flower primrose-flowered pumila La. 'pumilio' - dwarf, pygmy a very small plant ramosa La. 'ramosus' - branching branching pedicel rectifolia La. 'rectus' - straight + La. 'folium' - leaf straight leaves reticulata La. 'reticulum' - small net rotundiflora La. 'rotundus' - round, circular + La. 'flos' - flower round-flowered sharpii named after the American collector Dr. A. J. Sharp takakii named after the Mexican collector F. Takaki utricularioides G. 'Utricularia' (La. 'utricularius' - bladder, sac, bagpipes) resembling a bladderwort vallisneriifolia G. _Vallisneria_ (Hydrocharitaceae) + La. 'folium' - leaf leaves very long and narrow like in _Vallisneria_ variegata La. 'varius' - coloured, spotted variegated leaves villosa La. - hairy the whole plant is hairy vulgaris La. 'vulgaris' - common a common species (the most widespread in the genus) zecheri named after the Austrian horticulturist E. Zecher Utricularia La. 'utriculus' - bladder, sac possessing bladders adpressa La. 'adpressus' - appressed albiflora La. 'albus' - white + La. 'flos' - flower pale-flowered albocaerulea La. 'albus' - white + La. 'caeruleus' -dark blue, dark green alpina La. 'alpinus' - high mountainous growing in alpine habitats amethystina purple-flowered andongensis denotes origin of the plant - Pungo Andongo, Angola antennifera La. 'antenna' - yardarm, antenna producing antenna-like corolla lobe projections appendiculata La. 'appendiculum' - small addition arcuata La. 'arcus' - curve, bow, rainbow arenaria La. 'arena' - sand inhabits comparatively sandy habitats arnhemica denotes origin of the plant - Arnhem Land, Australia asplundii named after the Swedish collector Asplund aurea La. - golden the plant possesses a golden appearance aureomaculata La. 'aureus' - gold, golden + La. 'macula' - stain, spot the plant has a golden hue australis La. - southern growing in southern regions (originally described from Australia) benjaminiana named after the German botanist L. Benjamin benthamii named after the British botanist G. Bentham bifida La. 'bi-' - two + La. 'fidum' - point forked leaves biloba La. 'bi-' - two + La. 'lobus' - lobe biovularioides La. 'bi-' - two + La. 'ovum' - egg only two ovules in ovary bisquamata La. 'bi-' - two + La. 'squama' - scale, spot a reference to the two dots on the corolla of many plants blanchetii named after the French collector Blanchet bosminifera alludes to the traps said to resemble Bosmina (Crustaceae) brachiata La. 'brachium' - arm bracteata La. 'bractea' - bract bremii named after the Swiss botanist J. Bremi breviscapa La. 'brevis' - short, small + La. 'scapus'- shaft the scapes of this species are notably short buntingiana named after the American collector G. S. Bunting caerulea La. 'caeruleus' - dark blue refers to the blue corolla calycifida calyx + La. 'fidum' - point a reference to the bifid calyx tips campbelliana named after the British collector Campbell capilliflora La. 'capillus' - hair + La. 'flos' - flower hairy flowers cecilii named after the Indian collector Father Cecil Saldanha S. J. cheiranthos Gr. 'cheir' - hand + Gr. 'anthos' flower chiribiquetensis denotes origin of the plant - cerro de Chiribiquete, Colombia choristotheca Gr. 'choristos' - distant + Gr. 'theke' - receptacle, theca anther thecae widely separated christopheri named after the British collector Christopher Grey-Wilson chrysantha La. 'chrysos' - golden + Gr. 'anthos' - flower yellow flowers circumvoluta La. 'circum' - round, round about + La. 'volutus' fr. La. 'volvo' - to roll, turn around cornuta La. 'cornus' - horn, horn-shaped the flower spurs are horn-shaped corynephora Gr. 'koryne' - club + Gr. 'pherein' - to bear bearing club-shaped processes on the seeds costata La. 'costa' - rib, side the calyx is pronouncedly ribbed cucullata La. 'cucullus' - hood, cowl the flowers are hooded in form cymbantha Gr. 'kymba' - skiff (esp. of Charon) + Gr. 'anthos' - flower corolla lower lip boat-shaped delicatula La. 'delicatus' - delightful a delightful plant delphinioides Gr. 'delphis' - dolphin the flower resembles that of _Delphinium_ (Ranunculaceae) determannii named after the American collector R. O. Determann dichotoma Gr. 'dichos' - twofold + Gr. 'tomos' - cut inflorescence (seemingly: pleiochasium) dichotomously divided dimorphantha Gr. 'di-' - two + Gr. 'morpha' - shape, form + Gr. 'anthos' - flower two types of flower (cleistogamous and chasmogamous) dunlopii named after the Australian collector C. R. Dunlop dunstaniae named after the Australian collector Mrs. William Dunstan endresii named after the British collector A. R. Endres erectiflora La. 'erectus' - upright, lofty + La. 'flos' - flower the flowers are erect in habit fimbriata La. 'fimbriae' - fringe, end the calyx lobes are fringed in form firmula La. 'firmus' - strong, stable, firm fistulosa La. 'fistula' - tube, pipe flaccida La. 'flaccidus' - flabby, feeble floridana denotes origin of the plant - Florida, USA foliosa La. 'folium' - leaf leafy plant forrestii named after the British collector G. Forrest foveolata La. 'fovea' - pit, pitfall fulva La. 'fulvus' - yellow, tawny the flowers are yellow furcellata La. 'furca' - fork corolla lower lip resembling a fork garrettii named after the British collector H. B. G. Garrett geminiloba La. 'geminus' - twin, double + La. 'lobus' - lobe geminiscapa La. 'geminus' - twin, double + La. 'scapus' - beam twinned scapes geoffrayi named after the French collector Geoffray georgei named after the Australian collector A. George gibba La. 'gibbus' - hump graminifolia La. 'gramen' - grass + 'folium' - leaf grass-like "leaves" guyanensis denotes origin of the plant - Guyana, S. America hamiltonii named after the Australian collector Hamilton helix La. 'helix' - helix scape twining heterochroma Gr. 'heteros' - other + Gr. 'khroma' - colour heterosepala Gr. 'heteros' - other + sepal hintonii named after the American collector G. B. Hinton hirta La. 'hirtus' - hairy, shaggy scape hairy hispida La. 'hispidus' - hairy, rough a hairy plant holtzei named after the Australian collector M. Holtze humboldtii named after the German scientist A. von Humboldt huntii named after the American collector D. R. Hunt hydrocarpa Gr. 'hydro-' - water + Gr. 'karpos' - fruit inaequalis La. - unequal, uneven incisa La. 'incisus' fr. La. 'inciso' - to cut up, cut open the floating "leaves" are notched and jagged inflata La. 'inflatus' - blown up, swollen The plant has swollen, radially arranged organs on the emergent scapes which enable it to float on water inflexa La. 'inflecto' - to bend, curve intermedia La. 'inter' - among + La. 'medius' - middle medium-sized and shaped involvens La. 'involvo' - to roll on, wrap up jamesoniana named after the British collector Jameson juncea La. 'iuncus' - rush the plant's "leaves" resemble those of a rush kamienskii named after the Polish/German botanist F. Kamienski kenneallyi named after the Australian collector K. F. Kenneally kimberleyensis denotes origin of the plant - Kimberley Range, W Australia kumaonensis denotes origin of the plant - Kumaon, India laciniata La. 'lacinia' - flap, corner lasiocaulis Gr. 'lasios' - woolly + Gr. 'kaulos' - stem lateriflora La. 'latus' - side + La. 'flos' - flower laxa La. 'laxus' - lax, loose the plant sprawls notably in habit lazulina blue-flowered leptoplectra Gr. 'leptos' - tiny + Gr. 'plektos' - woven leptorhyncha Gr. 'leptos' - tiny + Gr. 'rhynchos' - proboscis letestui named after the French collector Le Testu limosa La. 'limus' - mud grows in muddy conditions livida La. 'lividus' - bluish, black and blue the flowers are marked with a bluish streak lloydii named after the British botanist F. E. Lloyd, monographer of CPs longeciliata La. 'longe' - far off, long + La. 'cilium' - fine hair calyx margins fringed longifolia La. 'longe' - far off, long + La. 'folium' - leaf long-leaved macrocheilos Gr. 'makro-' fr. Gr. 'makros' - long, large + Gr. 'kheilos' - lip, border macrorhiza Gr. 'makro-' fr. Gr. 'makros' - long, large + Gr. 'rhiza' - root large-rooted malabarica denotes origin of the plant - former Malabar region, India mannii named after the British collector Mann menziesii named after the British collector Menzies meyeri named after the German collector H. Meyer microcalyx Gr. 'mikro-' fr. Gr. 'mikros' - small + calyx diminutive calyces micropetala Gr. 'mikro-' fr. Gr. 'mikros' - small + petal small petals minor La. - less a small plant minutissima La. 'minutus' - small, paltry + dimin. a very small plant monanthos Gr. 'mono-' - single + Gr. 'anthos' - flower usually produces a single flower moniliformis La. 'monile' - necklace + La. 'forma' - form tubers arranged like in a necklace muelleri named after the Australian botanist F. von Mueller multicaulis La. 'multi-' - many + La. 'caulis' - stalk, cabbage the plant produces many stems multifida La. 'multi-' - many + La. 'fidum' - point myriocista Gr. 'myrioi' - million + Gr. 'kiste' - box, cell, bladder produces many bladders nana La. 'nanus' - dwarf a small plant naviculata La. 'navicula' - small boat corolla lower lip shaped like a boat nelumbifolia La. 'nelumbo' - lotus + La. 'folium' - leaf "leaves" peltate like in _Nelumbo_ (Nelumbonaceae) neottioides flowers like in _Neottia_ (Orchidaceae) nephrophylla Gr. 'nephros' - kidney + Gr. 'phyllon' - leaf produces kidney-shaped "leaves" nervosa La. 'nervosus' - sinewy, vigorous vigorous nigrescens La. 'nigresco' - to darken, blacken the plant is darkly pigmented (in dried form only) novae-zelandiae denotes origin of the plant - New Zealand ochroleuca Gr. 'okhros' - ochre + Gr. 'leukhos' - white flowers pale yellow odontosepala Gr. 'odous' - tooth + sepal the sepals are toothed odorata La. 'odoratus' - perfumed, sweet-smelling olivacea La. 'oliva' - olive, olive tree oliveriana named after the British botanist D. Oliver panamensis denotes origin of the plant - Panama, C. America parthenopipes Gr. 'parthenopipes' - voyeur according to P. Taylor named after the British collector Dr. R. M. Harley pentadactyla Gr. 'penta-' - five + Gr. 'daktylos' - finger five-fingered flowers peranomala Gr. 'per-' - throughout, absolutely + Gr. a deprivativum + Gr. 'nomos' - law a very unusual plant perversa La. 'perversus' - awry, squint petersoniae named after the American collector Mrs. K. M. Peterson physoceras Gr. 'physos' - inflated + Gr. 'keras' - horn inflated corolla spur pierrei named after the French collector Pierre platensis denotes origin of the plant - Rio de la Plata, Argentina pobeguinii named after the French collector Pobeguin poconensis denotes origin of the plant - Pocone, Brazil podadena Gr. 'pous' - foot + Gr. 'aden' - gland the only bladderwort with stipitate-glandular scapes polygaloides flowers resemble those of _Polygala_ (Polygalaceae) praelonga La. 'praelongus' - very long, very tall "leaves" prolonged during their development praeterita La. 'praeteritus' - past, gone by praetermissa La. 'praeter' - beyond, excepting + La. 'missus' - mentioned, reported this species was (previously) unmentioned prehensilis La. 'prehensus' fr. La. 'prehendo' - to take hold of, catch the scape is frequently twining pubescens La. 'pubes' - downy the plant is covered with fine down pulchra La. 'pulcher' - beautiful a beautiful plant punctata La. 'punctus' fr. La. 'pungo' - to prick, pierce the plant is dotted with sessile glands purpureocaerulea La. 'purpura' - purple + La. 'caeruleus' - dark blue, dark green the flower has an overall purply-blue hue quelchii named after the British collector Quelch quinquedentata La. 'quinque' - five + La. 'dentatus' - toothed the flowers are five-pointed radiata La. 'radiatus' - radiant, radiating the floating "leaves" radiate from a central point raynalii named after the French collector J. Raynal recta La. 'recte' - straight straight scapes reflexa La. 'reflexus' fr. La. 'reflecto' - to bend back, turn back the fruiting pedicels are reflexed reniformis La. 'renes' - kidney + form kidney-shaped leaves resupinata La. 'resupinus' - lying back, face upwards refers to the habit of the almost resupinate flower reticulata La. 'reticulum' - small net rhododactylos Gr. 'rhodos' - rose + Gr. 'daktylos' - finger A Homeric allusion - rosy-fingered (like the dawn.) rigida La. 'rigidus' - stiff, hard salwinensis denotes origin of the plant - Salween River, Burma sandersonii named after the British collector Sanderson sandwithii named after the British collector N. Y. Sandwith scandens La. 'scando' - to climb, mount the plant has a creeping, climbing habit schultesii named after the Colombian collector Schultes simplex La. - single, simple simulans La. fr. 'simulo' - to imitate, impersonate singeriana named after the Australian collector Singer smithiana named after the British botanist J. E. Smith spiralis La. 'spira' - coil, twisted band spruceana named after the British collector Spruce stanfieldii named after the British collector Dr. D. P. Stanfield steenisii named after the Indonesian/Dutch botanist C. G. G. J. van Steenis stellaris La. 'stella' - star star-shaped steyermarkii named after the American botanist J. A. Steyermark striata La. 'striatus' - striped striatula La. 'striatus' - striped + dimin. stygia La. 'Styx' - river bordering Hades, cloaked in perpetual darkness growing in dark and sunless places subramanii (incorrectly) named after the Indian botanist Dr. K. Subramanyam subulata La. 'subula' - awl corolla spur formed like an awl tenella La. 'tenellulus' - dainty, little dainty, little plant tenuissima La. 'tenuis' - thin, fine + superl. very fine, slender growth terrae-reginae La. 'terra' - land + La. 'regina' - queen denotes origin of the plant - Queensland, Australia tetraloba Gr. 'tetra' - four + Gr. 'lobos' - lobe produces four corolla lobes tortilis La. - twisted, winding twisted growth habit trichophylla Gr. 'thrix' - hair + Gr. 'phyllon' - leaf hairy leaves tricolor La. 'tri-' - three + La. 'color' - colour the flowers are tricoloured purply/yellowy/white tridactyla La. 'tri-' - three + Gr. 'daktylos' - finger the flowers are three-fingered tridentata La. 'tri' - three + La. 'dentatus' - toothed three-pointed flowers triflora La. 'tri' - three + La. 'flos' - flower there are sometimes three flowers per scape triloba La. 'tri-' - three + La. 'lobus' - lobe produces three corolla lobes troupinii named after the Belgian collector Troupin tubulata La. 'tubus' - pipe uliginosa La. 'uligo' - moisture, marshiness growing in marshy habitats uniflora La. 'uni-' - one + La. 'flos' - flower the scapes bear a single flower unifolia La. 'uni-' - one + La. 'folium' - leaf viscosa La. 'visco' - to make sticky the plant produces a sticky, mucus-like substance vitellina La. 'vitellus' - egg yolk corolla yellow volubilis La. - spinning, revolving warburgii named after the German botanist O. Warburg warmingii named after the Danish botanist E. Warming welwitschii named after the Portuguese collector Welwitsch westonii named after the Australian collector Dr. A. S. Weston wightiana named after the British botanist R. Wight